Photocatalytic degradation of microplastics. Apr 1, 2022 · Zhou et al. Nov 13, 2023 · Request PDF | Photocatalytic degradation of polyethylene and polystyrene microplastics by α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 | This study investigated the photodegradation of microplastics (MPs) by α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4. To eliminate MPs pollution in an environmentally friendly process, we propose using a photocatalytic process that can easily be implemented in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The effects of α-Fe 2 O 3 /g-C 3 N 4 on MPs' surface were investigated through various techniques. Additionally, variables such as solution pH and temperature significantly influence the photocatalytic degradation process (Chong et al. Photocatalytic degradation mainly depends on the semiconductor materials (oxides of zinc and titanium), and these materials can effectively degrade microplastics (Tofa et al. The 50 mg of catalyst was dispersed in a Petri dish containing 25 mL of de-ionized water. The knowledge gaps and prospect of coagulation and photocatalytic removal are given. Compared to the treatment without photocatalyst addition, the mass loss of MPs Jul 14, 2023 · Therefore, we evaluate the photocatalytic degradation of an organic dye (Rhodamine B (RhB)), which is, as opposed to the degradation of microplastics, easily traceable by measuring the light absorption. Nov 18, 2023 · 2. This study demonstrates the degradation of fragmented microplastics particularly low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film in water, through visible light-induced plasmonic photocatalysts comprising of platinum Jan 1, 2024 · The cumulative degradation efficiency of PS microplastics by XP1, XP2, and XP3 over a period of 60 days was approximately 30. We investigated the use of titania coated ZnO tetrapods for photocatalytic degradation of two common types of microplastics, namely polyethylene (PE) microparticles and polyester (PES) microfibers. Oct 1, 2023 · The mass loss of PE MPs under photocatalytic degradation in aqueous environments was 6. Therefore, photocatalysis without scavengers was conducted in a Batch-type glass reactor, using 50 mL of a 0. 2. 4 wt. Jan 28, 2022 · This study tested visible light photocatalytic degradation of PP microplastics in a continuous water flow system using the zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) covering the glass fibres substrate. g. Huang et al. 2023. May 6, 2023 · The effectiveness of photocatalytic degradation largely depends on factors such as catalyst type, light source, and operational conditions. coli). The colorful translucent spheres represent polystyrene microparticles, and the transparent ones close to the photocatalyst (right and center) are the degraded May 6, 2023 · Photocatalytic Technologies for Transformation and Degradation of Microplastics in the Environment: Current Achievements and Future Prospects Oct 17, 2020 · Photocatalytic degradation of PP microplastics spherical particles suspended in water by visible light irradiation of zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) immobilized onto glass fibers substrates in a Jun 1, 2023 · With the increase in global plastic manufacturing and use, microplastic pollution is expected to cause serious harm to various ecosystems. We also introduce different characterization techniques of the major microplastic pollutants such as PE, PP, PVC, PS, PMMA, and PA66. 4%, and the kinetic constant was three times faster than that of solid-phase photocatalytic degradation. Mar 15, 2023 · In photocatalytic degradation, photocatalytic degradation mechanisms of microplastics in the presence of dopants and plasmonic nanoparticles are studied. 86%. Bandgap engineering entails the insertion of metals Low environmental impact remediation of microplastics: Visible-light photocatalytic degradation of PET microplastics using bio-inspired C,N-TiO 2 /SiO 2 photocatalysts Mar Pollut Bull . Herein, a hydrothermal coupled Fenton system is developed for decomposition of Nov 14, 2022 · Photocatalytic technology has outstanding pre-degradation effects on microplastics, and the isolated microbial strains or enriched communities can degrade up to 50% or more of pre-processed microplastics. The effects of α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 on MPs' surface were investigated through various techniques. Jun 15, 2023 · This review approaches different molecular mechanisms to degrade different types of microplastics and summarize the degradation efficiency of different types of bacteria, algae and fungal strains. In this review, we summarized progress in major technologies for the removal of MPs. 4 × 10-4 h-1 (Table 2). Therefore, this paper reviewed the degradation May 1, 2019 · Low environmental impact remediation of microplastics: Visible-light photocatalytic degradation of PET microplastics using bio-inspired C,N-TiO2/SiO2 photocatalysts. They are known to adsorb hazardous substances and can transfer them across the trophic web. In addition, plastic particles have been found in juvenile turtles. 2019a). Upon UV irradiation (e. 5 wt% of TiO 2 and were 25–30 μm thick, which were Jul 7, 2020 · The photocatalytic degradation for dealing with microplastics has not been explored so far. , on TiO 2 ), photoexcited electron–hole pairs are generated, and their migration induces a redox reaction at the surface of nanomaterials (Figure 4A ). [17] undertook a Nov 15, 2023 · During the photocatalytic degradation of microplastics using TiO 2, the highly reactive hydroxyl radical (•OH) attacks the C–H bond present in the polymer molecules. Jun 30, 2022 · In this study, Fe- and Ag-modified TiO 2 nanotubes were synthesized via an anodization method as photocatalysts for degradation of polyethylene microplastics and disinfection of Escherichia coli (E. Additionally, the degradation of microplastics was found to be more pronounced in acidic conditions, whereas the Coulomb repulsion in alkaline solutions Mar 24, 2021 · Microplastics (MPs) are distributed in a wide range of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems throughout the planet. Dec 19, 2023 · In particular, the catalytic degradation of microplastics is an area of active research that explores various catalysts and reaction conditions to develop effective and sustainable methods for breaking down plastic particles into smaller entities that are less persistent and harmful. Jun 1, 2022 · Organic pollution has attracted global attention for the threat to the biota. A mass loss of 2. Indirect photocatalytic degradation of plastics can be summarized into the following steps: 3. And we reviewed the process and mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of these pollutants. To tackle this complex issue, innovative technologies that are capable of effectively eliminating MPs from the environment are necessary. The conditions and characteristics of MPs can significantly affect coagulation removal. , 2010). RhB has a characteristic absorption peak at 553 nm and thus the degradation is observed within the absorbance range of 450 nm to 650 nm. Oct 10, 2022 · They have studied the photocatalysis degradation of polypropylene (PP) microplastics suspended in aqueous system by ZnO nanorods fixed on glass fiber matrix in the flow system under visible light irradiation, and the findings showed that the average particle volume of PP microplastics was significantly reduced by 65 % after two weeks Photocatalytic activity for the degradation of microplastics was also tested, achieving 3% degradation of PLA after 7 days of visible light irradiation. However, the hazard of discarding waste plastic, so-called “white pollution”, is becoming more and more severe. In recent years, photocatalysis has been successfully applied, bringing significant progress in the degradation of macroplastics and microplastics. These tiny plastic fl … Mar 15, 2021 · Photocatalytic degradation of PP microplastics spherical particles suspended in water by visible light irradiation of zinc oxide nanorods (ZnO NRs) immobilized onto glass fibers substrates in a flow through system is demonstrated. Hazard Mater. 1. Jul 15, 2021 · Abstract. A) One-pot fabrication of microrobots using a microwave reactor. Feb 16, 2019 · Here we tested the degradation of fragmented, low-density polyethylene (LDPE) microplastic residues, by visible light-induced heterogeneous photocatalysis activated by zinc oxide nanorods. We found that the plastics morphology affects the rate of degradation, and that the use of electron scavengers is needed to maintain the reactivity of the photocatalysts over a prolonged period of Figure 1: Schematic illustration of photocatalytic micromotor-based approach (with inherent asymmetry) combining the principles of motion and phoretic interaction for dual action strategy of collection and degradation of microplastics. Dopants on dye degradation: TiO 2 NPs that absorb photons at very low energies can be made using a variety of ways. This review discusses the fundamentals of photocatalysis and photo-Fenton processes in addition to the photocatalytic degradation mechanisms. Statistical data on plastic pollution indicate that this is a serious issue. 2 wt. With the addition of α-Fe 2 O 3 /g-C 3 N 4 and under visible light irradiation, cracks and folds were observed on the MP films and particles. 8%, which was 13. Maria Camila Ariza-Tarazona C. With the addition of α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4 and under visible light irradiation, cracks and folds were observed on the MP films and particles. Photocatalytic semiconducting nanoparticles have the potential to degrade micropollutants, among them microplastics. In this study, the catalyst-mediated sono-degradation was purposefully employed to remove the organic pollutants including dyes and microplastics (MPs) because it could provide a green and sustainable strategy in industrial production. Jan 18, 2024 · Semantic Scholar extracted view of "An insight decipher on photocatalytic degradation of microplastics: Mechanism, limitations, and future outlook. May 17, 2023 · First Insights into Photocatalytic Degradation of HDPE and LDPE Microplastics by a Mesoporous N–TiO 2 Coating: Effect of Size and Shape of Microplastics. 3%. Mar 3, 2021 · Microplastics contamination is becoming a major concern worldwide. e. May 1, 2019 · However, illumination of the system promoted the photocatalytic degradation of the microplastics (red curve). , initiation, propagation, branching, and termination (Hamd et al. B) Creation of microplastics during the degradation process of plastic waste and chemical structure of polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB). de Abstract Microplastics are very prominent pollutants in our environment, and the reduction of microplastics waste is a major responsibility for our society. The experiment using TiO 2 /CuPc as photocatalyst to degrade the PE plastic has been conducted, and the results showed that PE-TiO 2 /CuPc has a higher photocatalytic degradation rate than Nov 1, 2023 · Photocatalytic degradation of microplastics. An abstraction of hydrogen and generation of alkyl free radicals as active species occurs in the initiation step after light absorption. 5 ± 0. Feb 16, 2019 · We investigated the use of titania coated ZnO tetrapods for photocatalytic degradation of two common types of microplastics, namely polyethylene (PE) microparticles and polyester (PES) microfibers. studied the photocatalytic degradation of PVC films embedded with TiO 2 particles (0–2 wt%) under ambient air or a nitrogen atmosphere using SEM microscopy, FT-IR and UV-vis spectroscopy, and XPS . Here, a soluble BiOCl-OH semiconductor-organic framework (BOCH-SOF) was prepared from xylitol, and the polystyrene (PS) MPs' effect on the Jan 9, 2023 · To further improve the efficiency of photocatalytic degradation, several approaches related to reactants, photocatalysts, and reaction conditions are proposed. Excitation. The global concerns to the environmental pollution and health risks by microplastics (MPs) urgently require action to develop effective and sustainable processes to deal with this problem. Jul 24, 2020 · The photocatalytic degradation for dealing with microplastics has not been explored so far. Nov 13, 2023 · This study investigated the photodegradation of microplastics (MPs) by α-Fe2O3/g-C3N4. Aug 20, 2019 · Considering a remarkable turbidity removal efficacy of 98. 104 In these experiments, the PVC–TiO 2 composite films consisted of 1. Nov 18, 2023 · We investigated the use of titania coated ZnO tetrapods for photocatalytic degradation of two common types of microplastics, namely polyethylene (PE) microparticles and polyester (PES) microfibers. marpolbul. Plastic material manufacturing and buildup over the past 50 years has significantly increased pollution levels. Microplastics (MPs) and non-biodegradable residual plastic films have become the two most pressing environmental issues among the numerous types of plastic pollution. Apr 4, 2023 · of the most investigated semiconductor materials in photocatalytic degradation reactions i s TiO 2 ,[21] and it has been used f or microplastics degradation recently as well. More than 1 million seabirds and 100,000 sea animals have died due to plastic contamination. Still, the interaction between MPs and pollutants during photocatalytic degradation has not been studied. In biodegradation methods, biodegradation mechanisms of microplastics, which are performed via various kingdoms such as Animalia, bacterium, and fungi are reviewed. Mar 6, 2023 · Concentration of TiO 2 and microplastics is 50 mg mL −1 and 0. Apr 21, 2022 · Plastic waste remains a global challenge due to the massive amounts being produced without satisfactory treatment technologies for recycling and upcycling. May 24, 2023 · The review lists 54 studies, by far the most comprehensive collection on the AOP-driven treatment of microplastics, and is also the first to explain the methods related to the ultrasonic degradation of microplastics. 1. In 2001, Cho et al. In this paper, solid-phase photocatalytic degradation of polystyrene (PS) plastic, one of the most common commercial plastics, over copper Apr 6, 2021 · This study demonstrates the degradation of fragmented microplastics particularly low-density polyethylene (LDPE) film in water, through visible light-induced plasmonic photocatalysts comprising of Sep 15, 2023 · Similarly, the application of semiconductors of C, N doped TiO 2 and microplastics of high-density polyethylene under low pH effectively degrade or photolysis high-density polyethylene microplastics by the formation of hydroperoxide during photocatalytic degradation (Ariza-Tarazona et al. Still, the interaction between MPs and pollutants during photocatalytic degradation has not been studied. 9% for humic acid, this flocculant displays a positively charged surface over an extensive pH range . In this review, we examined a variety of bare and composite photocatalysts employed Microplastics are persistent anthropogenic pollutants which have become a global concern owing to their widespread existence and unfamiliar threats to the environment and living organisms. Sep 15, 2021 · This review summarized the recently reported MPs degradation methods including AOPs (direct photodegradation, photocatalytic oxidation, and electrochemical oxidation) and biodegradation, corresponding degradation mechanism as well as current development state. 1016/j. These parameters were in between the results observed for the solid and aqueous photocatalysis performed on the Plastic material manufacturing and buildup over the past 50 years has significantly increased pollution levels. i. 2022 ). Photocatalytic materials can be modified in various ways. [16] explored the photocatalytic degradation of persistent PET fiber-based microplastics by decorating Pt nanoparticles on N-doped TiO 2 nanoflowers. Furthermore, the study revealed that smaller microplastics degraded faster, while light-colored or stable microplastics experienced a significant reduction in photocatalytic degradation. , 2020). The photocatalytic reaction begins when the electron from the VB is promoted toward the empty CB upon light irradiation [53]. Nov 15, 2023 · During the photocatalytic degradation of microplastics using TiO 2, the highly reactive hydroxyl radical (•OH) attacks the C–H bond present in the polymer molecules. Aug 12, 2023 · Photodegradation, photocatalytic degradation, and biodegradation degrade the microplastics greenly, but these processes take much time for complete degradation and mineralization. In recent years, many studies have confirmed the hazards of MPs to organisms and summarized various MP degradation techniques, but there is a lack of discussion on the prospects of the application of these degradation techniques and their degradation efficiency. 4. Sep 5, 2003 · Plastic is used widely all over the world, due to the fact that it is low cost, is easily processable, and has lightweight properties. 2023 Jun 29;193:115206. Spherical primary HDPE MPs Feb 1, 2022 · Photocatalytic degradation of microplastics Intensive study is needed for designing more effective photocatalysts. The reaction was monitored using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic mechanical analyser and optical imaging. 2% higher than the total degradation efficiency achieved by the individual bacteria. I. Photocatalytic processes are emerging as green and promising approaches to upcycle plastics into value-added products under mild conditions using sunlight as the energy source. [22 – 28] May 16, 2023 · Schematic illustration of the photocatalytic degradation of microplastics. Currently, multiple technologies for MPs removal have been Jul 9, 2020 · First Insights into Photocatalytic Degradation of HDPE and LDPE Microplastics by a Mesoporous N–TiO2 Coating: Effect of Size and Shape of Microplastics Feb 25, 2021 · Semantic Scholar extracted view of "Coagulation removal and photocatalytic degradation of microplastics in urban waters" by Qiu-xiang Xu et al. Fenton and Fenton-based degradation processes are highly efficient approaches with relatively shorter time for degradation. May 16, 2023 · The photocatalytic activity of Sb 2 S 3 quantum material provides microrobots with the ability to degrade the microplastics under UV light irradiation in the “on-the-fly” regime without the need for any fuel. The FTIR spectra of PE samples before and after H 2 O 2 pre-treatment are shown in Fig. Jul 9, 2020 · Microplastics (MPs), which are small plastic debris of ≤5 mm size, are polluting the oceans with negative consequences for their biota. Jul 9, 2020 · All the photocatalytic tests were performed at room temperature for a set period of time. Aug 22, 2023 · Microplastics (MPs) have been shown to be more hazardous than large plastics. Thus, it allows the chromophores and defects present in the MPs to absorb photons and generate polymer macro radicals, leading to the initiation of chain scission [24] . This study investigated the photodegradation of microplastics (MPs) by α-Fe 2 O 3 /g-C 3 N 4. 31 Photocatalytic micromotors are envisioned to prove themselves a useful strategy for efficient removal of microplastics. A key objective is to promote the forward reaction for generating • H radicals, limit the reverse reaction including recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs, and ultimately extend the lifespan of photogenerated Dec 19, 2023 · The decomposition and degradation of microplastics can be achieved by UV irradiation on photocatalytic nanomaterials. Apr 15, 2024 · Abstract. S1. Feb 5, 2024 · The presence of microplastics (MPs) in large quantities in the aqueous environment significantly affects the degradation process of water pollution. 32 However, externally controlled magnetic capture is scalable only to degradation of microplastics to generate hydrogen Morten Weiss, Roland Marschall University of Bayreuth, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany Roland. Finally, knowledge gaps and future recommendations for selective degradation of MPs to some useful products are put forward. /vol % HDPE MPs dispersion (pH 3 Apr 23, 2024 · The photocatalytic degradation of microplastic occurs in four main steps, i. Jan 1, 2024 · The cumulative degradation efficiency of PS microplastics by XP1, XP2, and XP3 over a period of 60 days was approximately 30. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are emerging techniques for MP purification. Visible-light photocatalytic degradation of HDPE MPs by C,N-TiO2 in the Jul 15, 2021 · The coagulation removal and photocatalytic degradation of MPs in urban water are reviewed. As Feb 1, 2022 · The retention of beach-deposited plastics is mainly controlled by the composition and degradation rate of plastic particles, and the degradation of microplastics in beach sediments is much faster than in the ocean because beach sediments are exposed to more UV radiation during the daytime, thus accelerating the process of photocatalytic Feb 5, 2024 · The presence of microplastics (MPs) in large quantities in the aqueous environment significantly affects the degradation process of water pollution. Before the photocatalysis, the plastics (PE, PES, and environmental sample) were placed in 12 % H 2 O 2 for 96 h. 2% for dispersed polystyrene MP and 97. Oct 11, 2023 · The ZnO tetrapods were coated with TiO2 shells using atomic layer deposition (ALD) to ensure conformal coating, and applied to photocatalytic degradation of microplastics. marschall@uni-bayreuth. Dec 1, 2022 · Microplastics (MPs) are globally distributed in aquatic environments, and become a growing threat to the ecosystem. Nov 24, 2021 · Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the environment and are infiltrating the food chain, causing potential risks to living beings. Plastic degradation was measured by measuring mass loss at fixed time intervals, which is commonly used Nov 13, 2023 · Abstract. The hydrodynamic effects leading to the propulsion of … May 6, 2023 · Microplastic (MP) pollution has emerged as a significant environmental concern, with exposure to it linked to numerous negative consequences for both ecosystems and humans. The effect of plastics composition (PE, polyester (PES)) and morphology (particles, fibers) on the degradation process has been investigated. Due to their small size, microplastics have a large surface area and have more ability to Jan 18, 2024 · Herein, this review comprehensively summarizes the current technologies for eliminating microplastics from the environment and highlights two key aspects to achieve this goal: 1) Catalytic Visible light photocatalytic degradation of polypropylene microplastics in a continuous water flow system J. The hydrogen atom from the C–H bond combines with the •OH radical, forming water as a byproduct. Finally, based on current photocatalyst-mediated (micro)plastic degradation techniques, we provide some existing limitations and a perspective towards future research directions. An in-depth understanding of the best variables for future designs of photocatalytic degradation of microplastic for industrial applications will result from analyzing these variables. We found that all the reviewed AOP techniques achieved satisfying performance in the degradation of microplastics. 86% was achieved after 8 h of irradiation with a kinetic rate constant of 27. However, current photocatalytic degradation methods struggle to break down MPs fully and efficiently, often requiring extensive time to achieve satisfactory results. % In both RhB and PS degradation studies, a UV hand lamp of intensity 950 µW cm −2 intensity with a wavelength of 365 nm is Jul 1, 2023 · Photocatalytic degradation of microplastics The MPs presence in the natural environment is exposed to UV radiation. In this work, visible-light photocatalysis of high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) MPs in aqueous medium using a mesoporous N–TiO2 coating is proposed as an alternative for fighting MP pollution. Jul 30, 2021 · The photocatalytic degradation rate of PE (see inset of Figure 15 a for molecular structure) is found not linearly proportional to the TiO 2 concentration . The second method involved the traditional sol-gel synthesis, where the mass loss of MPs under photocatalytic degradation in aqueous environments was 2. " by Madhu Surana et al. It is urgently needed to develop effective technologies to remove MPs from water. doi: 10. In this study, we have developed a novel and generalized approach for solid-phase photodegradation of microplastics (PS and PE) and also introduced the effect of different preparation methods on the photocatalytic performance of TiO 2 . , 406 ( 2021 ) , Article 124299 View PDF View article View in Scopus Google Scholar Inspired by the outstanding optoelectronic properties reported for all-inorganic halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs), we have evaluated the potential of these materials toward the photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical degradation of organic compounds, taking the oxidation of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) as a proof-of-concept. Coatings 2020, 10, 658. Microplastics are a significant environmental threat and the lack of efficient removal techniques further amplifies this crisis. Sep 15, 2021 · Then we summarize the existing degradation methods including direct photodegradation, photocatalytic oxidation, electrochemical oxidation, and biodegradation and discuss their degradation mechanism in detail. Mar 24, 2021 · PDF | Microplastics (MPs) are distributed in a wide range of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems throughout the planet. Siligardi +5 authors E. 2020). Degradation of plastic waste generates micro- or nano-sized plastic particles that are defined as micro- or nanoplastics (MNPs). The mechanisms of coagulation and photocatalysis removal are summarized. Apr 20, 2024 · This study emphasizes the benefits of nanomaterials in the degradation of different types of microplastics and examines the mechanisms of oxidative, photocatalytic, and enzymatic degradation, highlighting their applicability in laboratory research and real-world scenarios. The incident photon has either equal or greater energy than the bandgap of TiO 2. In this review, the recent advances in plastic conversion Jul 20, 2023 · This research examines various developed photocatalysts for the breakdown of microplastics. Cedillo-González Oct 31, 2023 · Alternatively, the photocatalytic surfaces undergo e–h pair recombination, which decreases the reaction medium’s catalytic activity when the light intensity is increased . However, when XP1 and XP2 were combined for 60 days, the degradation efficiency increased to 43. Photocatalytic degradation of microplastics. Mar 24, 2021 · The photocatalytic experiments’ reaction conditions were carried out according to our previous work, which demonstrated the photocatalytic degradation of HDPE MPs using the C,N-TiO 2 material . Jan 1, 2023 · Photocatalytic technology has outstanding pre-degradation effects on microplastics, and the isolated microbial strains or enriched communities can degrade up to 50% or more of pre-processed microplastics. First, we determined electrochemically the energy levels of Therefore, it is of great significance to study photocatalytic materials that can efficiently utilize the full spectrum of sunlight (from ultraviolet to near-infrared), effectively activate molecular oxygen, and have strong redox ability for the degradation of microplastics in water environments. Coagulation removal and photocatalytic degradation, considered as cost- and energy-effective techniques, have attracted growing attention to remove May 14, 2021 · Herein, the photocatalytic degradation of plastic fragments and major plastic-derived chemicals, including phthalic acid ester plasticizers, nonylphenol antioxidants, bisphenol A plasticizer and brominated flame retardants, is systematically investigated. Microplastics (MPs) are plastic particles with a diameter less than 5 mm, while nanoplastics (NPs) range in diameter from 1 to 100 or 1000 nm. 115206. However, current methods of MP removal from an aqueous environment are limited by low efficiency. The consequence of two weeks, the irradiation of PP microplastics under visible light, resulting in the PP particles being successfully reduced in the Oct 1, 2021 · Indirect degradation. Aug 1, 2023 · Low environmental impact remediation of microplastics: Visible-light photocatalytic degradation of PET microplastics using bio-inspired C,N-TiO2/SiO2 photocatalysts Oct 24, 2022 · Photocatalytic degradation is a sustainable and environmentally friendly technique to break organic contaminants in H 2 O and CO 2 (Ariza-Tarazona et al. Feb 1, 2021 · Request PDF | Coagulation Removal and Photocatalytic Degradation of Microplastics in Urban Waters | The global concerns to the environmental pollution and health risks by microplastics (MPs Apr 15, 2024 · The effectiveness of MPs degradation is influenced by their size, with smaller microspheres degrading more rapidly than MPs sheets. eh zy ki mf wr wi hd bj al qy